{"id":522,"date":"2022-10-14T10:54:07","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T06:54:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/?p=522"},"modified":"2022-12-09T00:37:15","modified_gmt":"2022-12-08T20:37:15","slug":"turkiyede-universite-gencliginin-evlilik-ve-aile-yasamina-iliskin-tutumlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/2022\/10\/14\/turkiyede-universite-gencliginin-evlilik-ve-aile-yasamina-iliskin-tutumlari\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TE GEN\u00c7L\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N EVL\u0130L\u0130K VE A\u0130LE YA\u015eAMINA \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N TUTUMLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ebulfez S\u00dcLEYMANLI<\/strong>
\n\u00a0Prof. Dr., \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130nsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi, <\/em>Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc
\n<\/em>(T\u00fcrkiye)
\n<\/em>E-mail: ebulfez.suleymanli@uskudar.edu.tr
\n<\/em>ORCID NO: 0000-0003-1894-5232<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Ay\u015feg\u00fcl DEM\u0130R<\/strong>
\nDo\u00e7. Dr., Sinop \u00dcniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi,\u00a0<\/em>Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc
\n<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>E-mail: ayseguldemir@sinop.edu.tr
\n<\/em>ORCID NO: 0000-0002-7328-4492
\n<\/em>(T\u00fcrkiye)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>\u00d6zet.<\/strong> Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7lerin evlilik ve aile kurumuna ili\u015fkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri, sosyo-demografik de\u011fi\u015fkenlerle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015f, de\u011fi\u015fen tutum ve beklentiler tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n evrenini T\u00fcrkiye \u00dcniversitesinde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frenciler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Yedi (7) B\u00f6lgede y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya 2019 \u2013 2020 \u00d6\u011fretim Y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye \u00dcniversitelerinde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren T\u00fcrkiye genelinde evli olmayan ya\u015flar\u0131 17-35 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen gen\u00e7 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rneklemi olu\u015fturan toplam 3266 \u00f6\u011frencinin %54,3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc (n=1770) kad\u0131n, %45,7\u2019sini (n=1491) erkek \u00f6\u011frenciler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan elde edilen sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerinin, evlilik, aile ve \u00e7ocuk durumu konular\u0131nda olumlu tutum sergiledikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca toplum ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131nda ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fimler gen\u00e7lerin, evlilik ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131na ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n da farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zellikle aile i\u00e7i rol payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bu de\u011fi\u015fmenin daha belirgin bir bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, evde t\u00fcm sorumluluklar\u0131n ve g\u00f6revlerin tek bir tarafa y\u00fcklenmesi konusundaki yayg\u0131n tutumlar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f bulduklar\u0131n\u0131, bu tarz davran\u0131\u015flara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Anahtar Kelimler: <\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye, \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileri, anket, evlilik, aile kurumu, gen\u00e7lerin tutumlar\u0131, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz toplumlar\u0131nda toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fmenin etkisiyle toplumun bile\u015feni olan t\u00fcm kurumlar \u00fczerinde etkili olmu\u015ftur. Geleneksel yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc a\u015f\u0131narak modern ve organik ili\u015fkiler g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te de\u011fi\u015fiminin \u00f6nemli bir sacaya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aile ve evlilik kurumu olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. D\u00fcnya genelinde aile kurumu ve evlili\u011fe y\u00fcklenilen anlamlar farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de aile kurumu da bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten etkilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de aile ve evlilik kurumuna dair \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 itibariyle ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilimsel ve teknolojik geli\u015fmeler, kentle\u015fme ve makinele\u015fme ve g\u00f6\u00e7, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011fi\u015fimin h\u0131zlanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kentle\u015fme ile birlikte geni\u015f aileler yerini \u00e7ekirdek ailelere b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve de\u011ferlerin etkisi tedricen ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r [2, 17-20]. Bu ba\u011flamda \u00f6zellikle son zamanlarda e\u015fler aras\u0131 ya\u015fanan ge\u00e7imsizlik, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve bo\u015fanma oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi gerek \u00e7iftler \u00fczerinde gerekse evlenmemi\u015f bireyler \u00fczerinde aile ve evlilik kurumuna bak\u0131\u015fa ili\u015fkin farkl\u0131 toplumsal, ekonomik ve psikolojik sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan sosyal medyada kamuoyuna yans\u0131t\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek d\u0131\u015f\u0131 evlilik ili\u015fkileri, gen\u00e7lerin evlili\u011fe do\u011fru ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i olmayan anlamlar y\u00fcklemelerine neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda aile ve evlilik konusundaki ki\u015fisel ve toplumsal tutumlar\u0131n ve evlili\u011fe bireylerce y\u00fcklenen \u00f6znel anlamlar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, sosyal ve ki\u015fisel yap\u0131lar\u0131n belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynamaktad\u0131r [8].<\/p>\n

\u0130lgili literat\u00fcr tarand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda son y\u0131llarda gen\u00e7lerin aile kurumu ve evlili\u011fe bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7eken bir konu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda, Carroll ve di\u011ferleri [4]. taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen Evlilik Ufku Teorisi\u2019nin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak gen\u00e7lerin evlili\u011fe verdikleri \u00f6nem yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda, yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da [3; 4; 7] gen\u00e7lerin evlili\u011fe \u00f6nem verdi\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Her ne kadar gen\u00e7lerin evlili\u011fe \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi ortaya konulsa da Willoughby ve Dworkin [11] \u201c\u015fu an evlenmek istiyorum\u201d ifadesine gen\u00e7lerin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte birinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya kesinlikle kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkarslan ve Suleymanov\u2019un ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda [9] T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve Azerbaycan\u2019da \u00fcniversite son s\u0131n\u0131fta okuyan \u00f6\u011frencilerin aile ve evlilik konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 tahlille ortaya konmu\u015f; her iki \u00fclkenin \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011fi aras\u0131nda aile kurumunun \u00f6nemini korudu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00f6ro\u011flu [7] yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada gen\u00e7lerin az da olsa bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n evlilikten korktu\u011fu sonucunu elde etmi\u015ftir. \u00dcnal ve Avc\u0131 [10] ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bireylerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n evlenmeye s\u0131cak bakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulgusunu elde etmi\u015ftir. Benzer olarak, Akba\u015f ve di\u011ferleri [1] gen\u00e7lerin %40\u2019\u0131n\u0131n evlilikten korktuklar\u0131 bulgusuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar gen\u00e7lerin aile ve evlilik kurumuyla ilgili d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini ortaya koysa da, h\u0131zl\u0131 toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimler bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n periyodik bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini zaruri k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu zaruretten ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7lerin aile ve evlilik kurumuna ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p analiz ederek gerek sosyal bilimler literat\u00fcr\u00fcne gerekse uygulay\u0131c\u0131lara (devlet kurumlar\u0131, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131) katk\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada gen\u00e7lerin aile ve evlili\u011fe ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin sosyo-demografik (cinsiyet, do\u011fum yeri, anne-baban\u0131n e\u011fitim durumu, aile yap\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkeni ve d), ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011fi\u015fkenlere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterip g\u00f6stermedi\u011fini; gen\u00e7lerin toplumsal de\u011ferleri ile aile ve evlili\u011fe ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131nda bir ili\u015fkinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya konmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Y\u00f6ntem<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda, ara\u015ft\u0131rmada yorumsamac\u0131 paradigmadan faydalan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yorumsamac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan olay ve olgular kendi ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde incelenmekte ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bu olay ve olgular\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ve derinlemesine a\u00e7\u0131klamaya ve yorumlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada var olan durumun ortaya koyulmas\u0131 ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan niceliksel betimleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genel tarama modeline g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i anket ile veriler toplanarak gen\u00e7lerin evlilik ve aile kurumuna y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    1.1. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n Evreni <\/strong>ve \u00d6rneklemi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n evrenini 2019\u20132020 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcniversitelerinde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren \u00f6nlisans, lisans, y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora d\u00fczeyinde bireyler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Evrenin t\u00fcm\u00fcne ula\u015fmak olanaks\u0131z oldu\u011fundan belirtilen evren \u00fczerinden \u00f6rneklem belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n \u00f6rneklemini belirlemek amac\u0131 ile tabakal\u0131 ama\u00e7sal \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemin temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi, evrenin baz\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerine (cinsiyet, ya\u015f, vb.) g\u00f6re kotalar koyarak se\u00e7im yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00f6rneklem belirlenirken cinsiyet, \u00f6\u011frenim d\u00fczeyleri (\u00f6nlisans, lisans, y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora, ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve s\u0131n\u0131f d\u00fczeyi), e\u011fitim ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fcniversiteler, kota olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu kapsamda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6rneklemi 18-35 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmaya istekli bireyler aras\u0131ndan rastgele se\u00e7ilerek olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. 7 B\u00f6lgede y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya T\u00fcrkiye genelinde evli olmayan ya\u015flar\u0131 17-35 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen 3266 gen\u00e7 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rneklemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerini kapsamas\u0131 ve temel bilim alanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re en y\u00fcksek derecede \u00e7e\u015fitlilik sa\u011flanabilmesi amac\u0131yla her disiplin alan\u0131ndan uygun say\u0131da denek \u00f6rnekleme d\u00e2hil edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; %5 kabul edilebilir hata miktar\u0131 ve %95 (z = 1,96) g\u00fcvenirlik d\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinden hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    1.2. Verilerin Toplanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya veri toplamak i\u00e7in, belirli ki\u015filere bir dizi soru sormaya dayal\u0131 sistematik bir veri toplama arac\u0131 olan anket tekni\u011finden yararlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rneklemin evlilik ve aile hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f, 78 maddeden olu\u015fan bir anket yoluyla de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Sorular\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kapal\u0131 u\u00e7lu ve \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli niteliktedir. Baz\u0131 sorularda ac\u0131k u\u00e7lu ve Likert \u00f6l\u00e7ekli sorular da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Anketin birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan ki\u015fisel bilgi formu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde belirlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bireylerin ya\u015f, cinsiyet, \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, ili\u015fki durumu, aile yap\u0131lar\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 mek\u00e2n, uzun sure ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fehir, ebeveynlerin medeni ve mesleki durumuna ili\u015fkin sorular\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise \u00f6\u011frencilerin evlilik ve aile kurumuna ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131 belirlemeye y\u00f6nelik 42 madde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anketin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n sosyal medya al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131k alg\u0131lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin sorular yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Veri toplamak amac\u0131yla anket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 12 May\u0131s \u201312 Haziran 2020 tarihleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ara\u015ft\u0131rma tekni\u011finden yararlan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Veriler, linkte https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/u\/0\/ olarak belirtilen internet adresine y\u00fcklenmi\u015f T\u00fcrkiye genelinde \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeleri \u00fczerinden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmay\u0131 kabul eden \u00f6\u011frencilerine anket linki mail yoluyla ve sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131ndan da ula\u015f\u0131larak payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin sonucunda toplamda 3550 gen\u00e7 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bunlardan 3266\u2019s\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeye d\u00e2hil edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Ara\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131na \u00f6\u011frencilerden al\u0131nan bilgilerin analizi, \u201cSPSS for Windows 24.0\u201d yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenler olarak \u00f6\u011frencilerin cinsiyetleri okuduklar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmler ve s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, do\u011fum yerleri, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken olarak evlilik ve aile kurumuna ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda gen\u00e7lerin Evlilik ve Aile Kurumuna \u0130li\u015fkin Tutumlar\u0131 ile ilgili sorular ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenler aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n istatistiksel olarak \u00f6nemli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ki Ortalama Aras\u0131ndaki Fark\u0131n \u00d6nemlilik Testi (T testi) ve Tek Y\u00f6nl\u00fc Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ile test edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Bulgular<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      2.1. Demografik \u00d6zellikler<\/strong><\/p>\n

      T\u00fcrkiye genelinde evli olmayan ya\u015flar\u0131 17-35 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen 3266 gen\u00e7 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan %54,3 kad\u0131n, %45,7 erkek. (Kad\u0131n=1770 ki\u015fi, Erkek=1491 ki\u015fi) kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %95\u2019inin bek\u00e2r oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Karde\u015f say\u0131s\u0131 incelendi\u011finde; \u00fclke genelinde 2 veya 3 karde\u015f olma durumu yayg\u0131nd\u0131r (%34,4; %31,8). 4 karde\u015f olanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %13,5, 5 karde\u015f olanlar %6,7\u2019dir. Tek \u00e7ocuk olanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %6,8\u2019dir. B\u00f6lgeler baz\u0131nda bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise Akdeniz b\u00f6lgesinde, ilk s\u0131rada 3 karde\u015f (%29,7), ikinci s\u0131rada 2 karde\u015f (%27,3), \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada 4 karde\u015f (%19,3) olma durumu geliyor. Tek \u00e7ocuk olma durumu %5,7\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

      Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenim durumu, T\u00fcrkiye genelinde lisans e\u011fitimi olan %74,1, \u00f6n lisans %16,6, y\u00fcksek lisans %7,9, doktora %1,3 oran\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumuna y\u00f6nelik, \u00fclke genelinde, %58,6\u2019s\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, %11,5\u2019i sadece yaz tatilinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, %7,9\u2019u hafta sonu veya yar\u0131m g\u00fcn (part time) \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Kendi i\u015finde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten %5 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 vard\u0131r; tam g\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gen\u00e7ler ise %13,3\u2019t\u00fcr. En uzun s\u00fcre hangi yerle\u015fim biriminde kald\u0131klar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; \u00fclke genelinde %40 il, %33,1 metropol, %18,6 il\u00e7e, %7,7 k\u00f6y bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

      Evinizde s\u00fcrekli olarak kimlerle ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na ili\u015fkin soru incelendi\u011finde; tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %8,4 olup en y\u00fcksek oran Ege B\u00f6lgesinde bulunmu\u015ftur (%12,3). Anne baba yan\u0131nda nine veya dedesiyle ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 en y\u00fcksek b\u00f6lge Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesidir (%12,7). \u0130kinci s\u0131rada G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi gelmi\u015ftir (%9,2). Do\u011fu Anadolu ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu %8\u2019lerde olup \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada bu b\u00f6lgeler gelmi\u015ftir. Anne baba yan\u0131nda dede veya nine ile ya\u015famada en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oran ise Marmara ve Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesinde olup e\u015fit orandad\u0131r (%4,6). \u00dclke geneline bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; anne, baba ve karde\u015fleriyle ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %56\u2019d\u0131r. Anne ve babas\u0131yla ya\u015fayanlar %17,7, anne, baba, dede veya nine ile %6, anne ve karde\u015fler ya\u015fayanlar %5\u2019tir. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya\u015fayanlar %8,4\u2019t\u00fcr. Sadece baba ve karde\u015fler ile ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (%1,1).<\/p>\n

      \u00d6\u011frenim g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00fcre\u00e7te, \u00fclke genelinde; %48,6\u2019s\u0131 ailesiyle, %23,4\u2019\u00fc bek\u00e2r evinde, %17,5\u2019i devlet yurdunda, %9,3\u2019\u00fc \u00f6zel yurtta kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Akrabalar\u0131yla kalanlar sadece %1,1\u2019dir. Ailesiyle birlikte kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 en y\u00fcksek Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde bulunmu\u015ftur (%62,7). Bek\u00e2r evinde kalanlar en y\u00fcksek oranda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde bulunmu\u015ftur (%42,7).<\/p>\n

      Toplumun geneline g\u00f6re ailenin ekonomik durumu, \u00fclke genelinde \u00e7o\u011funlukla orta d\u00fczey belirtilmi\u015ftir (%60,5). \u0130kinci s\u0131rada ortan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc (%22), \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada ortan\u0131n alt\u0131 (%12,7) belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u00dcst s\u0131n\u0131f %2,5, alt s\u0131n\u0131f ise %2,4, neredeyse e\u015fit orandad\u0131r. \u00dclke genelinde aile ve burslardan masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtenler \u00e7o\u011funluktad\u0131r. Aile ve burs diyenler %32,2; tamamen aile diyenler %27,9; aile ve kendi kazanc\u0131m diyenler %15; aile, bur ve kendi kazanc\u0131m diyenler %10,7\u2019dir. Tamamen kendi kazanc\u0131yla ge\u00e7inen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %13,5.<\/p>\n

      Dini inan\u00e7lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan; \u201cinan\u00e7l\u0131y\u0131m dinimin t\u00fcm gereklerini yerine getiriyorum\u201d diyen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 \u00fclke genelinde %29,4\u2019t\u00fcr. \u201cinan\u00e7l\u0131y\u0131m, dinimin baz\u0131 gereklerini yerine getiriyorum\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 %51\u2019dir. \u201c\u0130nan\u00e7l\u0131y\u0131m ama dinimin gereklerini yerine getirmiyorum\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 %11,7\u2019dir. \u0130nan\u00e7l\u0131 de\u011filim diyen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %7,9\u2019dur. B\u00f6lgelere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; Dinin b\u00fct\u00fcn gereklerini yerine getirdi\u011fini bildiren \u00f6\u011frenciler en y\u00fcksek oranda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde bulunmu\u015ftur (%54,5). En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oran ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla Ege (%19,1), Akdeniz (%27,5) ve Marmara (%28,2) B\u00f6lgesinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Dinin baz\u0131 gereklerini yerine getirenler incelendi\u011finde, t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerde y\u00fczde ellilerde seyretmektedir. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde t\u00fcm gereklerini yerine getirenler yar\u0131dan fazla oldu\u011fundan, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirenler do\u011fal olarak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (%35,1). \u0130nan\u00e7l\u0131 olup gereklerini yerine getirmedi\u011fini belirtenlerde; Ege (%18,6), Marmara (%12,7) ve Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi (%12,3) s\u0131ras\u0131yla di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek orandad\u0131r. \u0130nan\u00e7l\u0131 de\u011filim diyen gen\u00e7lerin oranlar\u0131 en y\u00fcksek olarak s\u0131ras\u0131yla; \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu (%9,4), Ege (%8,8), Karadeniz (%8,3) ve Marmara (%8,2) B\u00f6lgesidir. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde y\u00fczde s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Anne ve baban\u0131n bir arada ya\u015fama durumu incelendi\u011finde; \u00fclke genelinde %88 oran\u0131nda anne-baba bir arada ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma oranlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; anne ve baba sa\u011f ama bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olmada Ege B\u00f6lgesi (%7,4) ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (%6,8) en ba\u015fta gelmekte, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%5,6) gelmektedir. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde bo\u015fanma oran\u0131 0\u2019d\u0131r. \u00dclke genelinde bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f anne baba oran\u0131 %5,2\u2019dir. Bo\u015fanmam\u0131\u015f ama ayr\u0131 ya\u015fayan anne baba oran\u0131 \u00fclkemizde %1,2\u2019dir. Babas\u0131 vefat edenlerin oran\u0131 %3,9 iken annesi vefat edenlerin oran\u0131 %1,5\u2019tir. Anne ve baban\u0131n ka\u00e7 evlilik yapt\u0131klar\u0131na ili\u015fkin duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fclke genelinde y\u00fcksek oranda annenin \u201c1\u201d evlilik ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi belirlenmi\u015ftir (%97,2). \u0130ki evlilik ge\u00e7iren anne oran\u0131 %2,6\u2019d\u0131r. %93,6 oran\u0131nda baba 1 evlilik, %6 oran\u0131nda baba ise 2 evlilik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      2.2. Evlilik ve Aile Kurumu <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Evlilik ve aile kurumu ile ilgili bulgular incelendi\u011finde, evlili\u011fin ne oldu\u011fu sorusuna \u00fclke genelinde yar\u0131dan fazla gen\u00e7 %58,4 oran\u0131nda \u201cmutlu bir beraberlik\u201d, ikinci s\u0131rada ise \u201csorumluluk\u201d cevab\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %19,5 iken \u201ca\u015fk ve tensel uyum\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 ise %9,8 olmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ilgin\u00e7 ifadelerde bulunduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr: imtihan (%2, n=66); esaret (%1,3; n=43); mecburiyet (%0,8; n=25); al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k (%0,7; n=24); \u201c\u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak\u201d (%2; n=64); \u201ckurtulu\u015f\u201d (%0,4; n=14).<\/p>\n

      Evlilik tercihinde a\u015fk evlili\u011fi mi mant\u0131k evlili\u011fi mi tercih edersiniz diye soruldu\u011funda; %64,3 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 a\u015fk evlili\u011fini tercih etmi\u015f ve mant\u0131k evlili\u011fi cevab\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %16,7 olup hi\u00e7 evlenmek istemedi\u011fini bildirenlerin oran\u0131n\u0131n ise %11,9 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca hem a\u015fk hem mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir arada olabilece\u011fini belirten gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %7 olmaktad\u0131r. Cinsiyete g\u00f6re a\u015fk evlili\u011fine ve mant\u0131k evlili\u011fine y\u00f6nelik tercihler kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n a\u015fk evlili\u011fine y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca hem a\u015fk hem de mant\u0131k evlili\u011fini tercih etmede kad\u0131nlar lehine \u00f6nemli bir fark\u0131n oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, evlenmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum diyen gen\u00e7lerin en \u00e7ok %15,6 oran\u0131nda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, en az ise %11,2 oran\u0131nda Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Her durumda t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerde y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde durum tespiti yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u015fk evlili\u011fini tercih edenler y\u00fcksek oranda %66,5 olarak Ege B\u00f6lgesinde, %66,5 oran\u0131nda Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Sonras\u0131nda ise Do\u011fu Anadolu ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgeleri y\u00fczde 60 oran\u0131n \u00fczerinde seyretmektedir. Mant\u0131k evlili\u011fi oranlar\u0131 en y\u00fcksek (%22,3) Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi ve %22,1 oran\u0131nda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      \u0130deal evlilik ya\u015f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden hareketle erkekler i\u00e7in ideal evlenme ya\u015f\u0131 olarak 27-28 civar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131karken, kad\u0131nlarda bu ya\u015f\u0131n 25-26 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genellikle tercih edilen evlenme ya\u015f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erkeklere g\u00f6re daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta evlenmesi gerekti\u011fi belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      En uzun ili\u015fkisinin s\u00fcresi soruldu\u011funda, gen\u00e7lerin yar\u0131s\u0131 6 ay ile 5 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir (%50). \u0130li\u015fkim olmad\u0131 diyen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %12 olup en y\u00fcksek oran \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da bulunmu\u015ftur (%18). Akdeniz ve Karadeniz B\u00f6lgelerinde y\u00fczde 15 civar\u0131nda seyretmi\u015ftir. \u0130li\u015fkim olmad\u0131 diyenlerin oran\u0131 ise en az olan b\u00f6lge Marmara (%9,9) ve Ege (%10) bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

      Evlilikle ilgili karar a\u015famas\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; \u00fclke genelinde %67 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7ler \u201ckarar\u0131 ben veririm daha sonra ailemden onay al\u0131r\u0131m\u201d demi\u015ftir. %12 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 ise \u201ckarar\u0131 ben veririm, aileme dan\u0131\u015fmam\u201d demi\u015ftir. Bu durumda neredeyse %80 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 karar\u0131 kendi vermek istedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131 ailem verir, sonra benim onay\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131r diyenlerin oran\u0131 (n=25; %0,8) olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Aileyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fi yaparak evlilik karar\u0131 almay\u0131 bulan gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %20\u2019dir. Ailesinin kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 biriyle evlenip evlenmeyecekleri soruldu\u011funda; \u201chay\u0131r evlenmem\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 %65,2\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

      Evlilik karar\u0131 al\u0131rken kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erkeklere g\u00f6re ailesinin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Erkekler bu noktada kad\u0131nlara g\u00f6re kendi kararlar\u0131n\u0131 verebilece\u011fini ve ba\u015fkas\u0131na dan\u0131\u015fma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f belirtmi\u015ftir. Ailenin kesin olarak kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 biriyle evlenmek istenmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelendi\u011finde, erkeklerin bu durumda ailesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p evlenmeyi istedi\u011fi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ise evlenmeyi istemedi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgelere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; Do\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgesinde %82,2 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 ailesine kar\u015f\u0131 gelmeyece\u011fini bildirmi\u015f; G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da ise %71,4. Ailem kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ksa da evlenirim diyenlerin en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler ise; %37,6 ile Akdeniz; %36,7 ile Marmara; %35,6 ile Ege; %33,3 ile \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

      Evlili\u011fin a\u015fk\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fine ili\u015fkin duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; %42,1 oran\u0131nda \u201ca\u015fk\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir\u201d diyenler olmu\u015ftur. %34,9 ile ikinci s\u0131rada ise, \u201ctam olarak \u00f6ld\u00fcrmese de zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frat\u0131r\u201d cevab\u0131 verenler yer almaktad\u0131r. Sonras\u0131nda, \u201csadece evlilik de\u011fil uzun s\u00fcreli ili\u015fkiler de a\u015fk\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %13,2\u2019dir. B\u00f6ylece, %48 oran\u0131nda a\u015fk\u0131n zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 veya \u00f6lece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca oran\u0131 %2\u2019lerde seyreden bir grup, a\u015fk\u0131n evlilikle birlikte yerini sevgi ve sayg\u0131ya b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Evlili\u011fin a\u015fk\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fiyle ilgili \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelendi\u011finde; kad\u0131nlar, evlilikle beraber a\u015fk\u0131n yerini sevgi ve sayg\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde olumlu bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe sahip olduklar\u0131 belirlenirken erkeklerin ise evlilikle beraber a\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karamsar bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip olduklar\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Nik\u00e2ha ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler soruldu\u011funda hem resmi hem dini nik\u00e2h olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirten gen\u00e7ler %76,8\u2019dir. %17 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 sadece resmi nik\u00e2h olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, dini nik\u00e2ha gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir. Sadece dini nik\u00e2h yeterli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerin oran\u0131 azd\u0131r (n=13; %0,4). Nik\u00e2ha gerek yok diyenler %4,6 oran\u0131ndad\u0131r. Nik\u00e2ha y\u00f6nelik \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelendi\u011finde, erkeklerin daha \u00e7ok dini nik\u00e2hla evlili\u011fe y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ise hem dini hem de resmi nik\u00e2h\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirlenmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lgeler baz\u0131nda bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda nik\u00e2ha gerek yok diyenler s\u0131ras\u0131yla Ege B\u00f6lgesindedir (%8). \u0130kinci s\u0131rada %6 oran\u0131nda \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi gelmekte, sonra ise %5) Marmara B\u00f6lgesi ile devam etmektedir. Oranlar az Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde olup 1 ya da 2 ki\u015fi bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u201cbilmiyorum, e\u015fe g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

      Nas\u0131l bir t\u00f6renle evlenmek istedikleri soruldu\u011funda; t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerde \u201cfark etmez\u201d ile \u201ck\u0131r\/k\u00f6y d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d diyenler birbirine yak\u0131n oranda (%20) seyretmi\u015ftir. \u00dclke genelinde %25,2 oran\u0131nda k\u0131r\/k\u00f6y d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, %22,1 oran\u0131nda fark etmez diyenler olmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde \u201csalon d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d diyenler en y\u00fcksek oranda (%26) bulunmu\u015ftur. Di\u011fer t\u00f6ren tercihlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, nikah ve kokteyl %15,6; nikah salonu %12,6; salon d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc %12,2; sahil kenar\u0131 veya yat %7; ev d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc %2,5; di\u011fer %3 olmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer se\u00e7ene\u011fi incelendi\u011finde; en ucuz, kar\u015f\u0131 tarafla karar verilir, mevlit, cami avlusu, otelde, kilisede, t\u00f6rene gerek yok ifadeleri yer almaktad\u0131r. Nas\u0131l bir t\u00f6renle evlenilmek istendi\u011fi ile ilgili \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelendi\u011finde, erkeklerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ev d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u015feklinde evliliklerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedi\u011fi belirlenirken kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ise evlilik tercihlerinde d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn salonu\/k\u0131r d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sahilde veya yat\/teknede evlenmek isteyenler y\u00fcksek oranda (%10) Ege B\u00f6lgesini ve (%8) Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesini belirtmi\u015ftir. Nik\u00e2h ve Kokteyl cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler en \u00e7ok %18,2 oran\u0131nda Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ni ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Evlendikten sonra ka\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak istedikleri soruldu\u011funda; neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 (%52) iki (2) \u00e7ocuk derken, %20,4\u2019\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 (3) \u00e7ocuk, %6,7\u2019si d\u00f6rt (4) \u00e7ocuk demi\u015ftir. Be\u015f (5) \u00e7ocuk yapmak isteyen %2 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 bulunmu\u015f, bir (1) \u00e7ocuk yeterli diyenler ise %10,8 bulunmu\u015ftur. \u00c7ocuk istemiyorum diyen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %6,8\u2019dir. Evlendikten sonra istenilen \u00e7ocuk say\u0131lar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, erkeklerin kad\u0131nlara oranla daha fazla \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak istedikleri belirlenmi\u015ftir. Erkeklerde evlendikten sonra bu rakam 5 civar\u0131ndayken kad\u0131nlarda bu say\u0131n\u0131n 2 ye indi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      B\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; Ege, Akdeniz ve Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7ocuk istememe oran\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek olup, oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 7\u2019lerde seyretmi\u015ftir. S\u0131ralamada; Ege, Akdeniz, Marmara, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu en \u00e7ok \u00e7ocuk istememe oran\u0131na sahip. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde ise birinci s\u0131rada en az \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk isteyenler %35,1 oran\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. D\u00f6rt (4) \u00e7ocuk isteyenler %9, be\u015f (5) \u00e7ocuk isteyenler %8; Yedi (7) \u00e7ocuk cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %4 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte bu b\u00f6lgede iki (2) \u00e7ocuk isteyen gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 %29,9\u2019dur. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesindekilerin yar\u0131s\u0131 iki (2) \u00e7ocuk istemektedir (%51,2). %23,8\u2019i \u00fc\u00e7 (3) \u00e7ocuk; %12\u2019si d\u00f6rt (4) \u00e7ocuk; %2,4\u2019\u00fc be\u015f (5) \u00e7ocuk istemektedir. Ege B\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7ocuk istememe oran\u0131 en y\u00fcksek olsa da, 2 \u00e7ocuk isteyenlerin oran\u0131 %59,8 ile en y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

      Sadece bir (1) \u00e7ocuk olsa k\u0131z m\u0131 erkek mi isterdiniz diye soruldu\u011funda; %33,1\u2019i k\u0131z, %21,5\u2019i erkek \u00e7ocuk istediklerini belirtmi\u015ftir. Fark etmez cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %45,4 olmaktad\u0131r. Sadece tek \u00e7ocu\u011fa sahip olunmas\u0131 durumunda cinsiyet tercihlerinde erkekler ile kad\u0131nlarda da benzer sonu\u00e7lar oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda erkekler genellikle erkek \u00e7ocu\u011funa sahip olmay\u0131 isterken kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ise k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funa sahip olmak istedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. B\u00f6lgeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; k\u0131z \u00e7ocuk isteyenlerin Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (%34,9), Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%34,3) ve Ege B\u00f6lgesinde (%34) daha \u00e7ok olmakla birlikte \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi %32,6, Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesinde %31,8, Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesinde %27,9 oranlar\u0131nda birinci s\u0131rada geldi\u011fini s\u00f6ylenebilir. Di\u011fer yandan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde erkek \u00e7ocuk isteyenler (erkek: %20,8; k\u0131z: %19,5) daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Evlendikten ne kadar s\u00fcre sonra \u00e7ocuk istedikleri soruldu\u011funda; 2-3 sene sonra siyenler %52,8 oran\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7ocuk durumu i\u00e7in 6 ay-1 sene sonra cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %26,8 olup 3-4 sene sonra isteyenler %10,7\u2019dir. Hi\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk istemiyorum cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %4,5\u2019tir. Hi\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk istemiyorum diyenlerin Ege B\u00f6lgesinde %6, Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde %5 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oran Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde olup %2,4\u2019t\u00fcr. Di\u011fer yandan 3-5 ay sonra cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler en y\u00fcksek oranda Do\u011fu Anadolu (%10) ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde (%7,8) g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      2.3. E\u015f Se\u00e7imi, Bo\u015fanma ve <\/strong>Aile \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Evlilikler bir se\u00e7im sonucunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Bireyler evlenecekleri ki\u015fiyi se\u00e7erken \u2018benzerlik ilkesi\u2019 ya da \u2018b\u00fct\u00fcnleme ilkesi \u2019ne g\u00f6re hareket ederler. Benzerlik ilkesine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir birey grubu i\u00e7erisinde \u0131rk, etnik k\u00f6ken, ya\u015f, din, e\u011fitim durumu, toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f, ki\u015filik gibi benzerliklerin g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 sonucu se\u00e7im yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ilkeye g\u00f6re benzerler birbirini \u00e7ekmektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcnleme ilkesine g\u00f6re ise bireyler e\u015flerini se\u00e7erken \u00f6zellikle ki\u015filik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 ve tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bulduklar\u0131 ki\u015filere y\u00f6nelirler. Yani b\u00fct\u00fcnleme ilkesi, benzerlik ilkesinin z\u0131tt\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n birbirini \u00e7ekti\u011fini E\u015f se\u00e7imi yapan ve e\u015f olarak se\u00e7ilen bireylerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerinin birbirine uygun olmas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      E\u015f se\u00e7imi insan\u0131n belirli bir olgunlu\u011fa eri\u015fmesi sonucunda ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r. E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ilecek ki\u015fide ekonomik durum, dini ve ideolojik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler, mesleki stat\u00fc gibi pek \u00e7ok nitelik aran\u0131r ve bu do\u011frultuda bir se\u00e7im yap\u0131l\u0131r. E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ilen ki\u015finin \u00f6zellikleriyle e\u015f se\u00e7imi yapan ki\u015finin \u00f6zellikleri ne kadar birbirine uygunsa, o \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ili\u015fki kurulaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir [5:794]<\/p>\n

      E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ece\u011finiz ki\u015finin ya\u015f\u0131 size g\u00f6re ne d\u00fczeyde olmal\u0131 sorusunda; ya\u015f\u0131 benden b\u00fcy\u00fck veya benim kadar olmal\u0131 cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler (%27,7) ilk s\u0131radad\u0131r. Ya\u015f fark\u0131 \u00f6nemli diyenler %21,2, ya\u015f\u0131 benden b\u00fcy\u00fck olsun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %18,7, ya\u015f\u0131 benden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya benim kadar cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %18,2\u2019dir. E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ilen ki\u015finin ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kendisine g\u00f6re nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ile ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler incelendi\u011finde, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok kendinden b\u00fcy\u00fck ve ayn\u0131 ya\u015ftaki erkeklerle evlenmek istedi\u011fi, erkeklerin de kendilerinden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya da ayn\u0131 ya\u015ftaki kad\u0131nlarla evlenmek istedikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ece\u011finiz ki\u015finin e\u011fitim durumu size g\u00f6re ne d\u00fczeyde olmal\u0131 sorusuna; y\u00fcksek oranda benimle ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde ya da benden y\u00fcksek olmal\u0131 cevab\u0131 verenler %43 gelmi\u015ftir. E\u011fitim fark\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fil diyenler %33,1\u2019dir. Benimle ayn\u0131 e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyinde olsun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %17\u2019dir. E\u015f olarak se\u00e7ece\u011finiz ki\u015finin maddi durumu size g\u00f6re ne d\u00fczeyde olmal\u0131 sorusuna; birinci s\u0131rada %45,8 oran\u0131nda \u201cmaddi durum farkl\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fil\u201d cevab\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci s\u0131rada %31,5 oran\u0131nda maddi durumu benden iyi ya da benimle ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde ifadesi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Maddi durumu benimle ayn\u0131 olsun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %12,1 oran\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Az oranda da olsa maddi durumu benden zay\u0131f olsun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler (%3,2) vard\u0131r. B\u00f6lgelere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinde %5,2 oran\u0131nda benden zay\u0131f olsun cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler vard\u0131r. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde ise oran %4,2 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

      E\u015f se\u00e7erken nelere dikkat edildi\u011fi sorusuna ili\u015fkin ilk s\u0131rada gelen e\u015f \u00f6zellikleri s\u0131ras\u0131yla; %80,5 oran\u0131nda iyi huylu olmas\u0131, %68,4 oran\u0131nda ayn\u0131 de\u011ferlere sahip olmas\u0131, %57,9 oran\u0131nda iyi bir aileden olmas\u0131, %54,2 oran\u0131nda benimle ayn\u0131 d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131yor olmas\u0131, %41,2 oran\u0131nda g\u00fczel\/yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131, %26,2 oran\u0131nda tahsilli olmas\u0131, %22,6 oran\u0131nda iyi bir meslek sahibi olmas\u0131, %20,5 oran\u0131nda i\u015f sahibi olmas\u0131d\u0131r. En az se\u00e7ilen se\u00e7enekler ise %3,6 oran\u0131nda \u201cayn\u0131 tak\u0131m\u0131 tutuyor olmas\u0131\u201d, %4,3 oran\u0131nda \u201caskerli\u011fini yapm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131\u201d ve %6,5 oran\u0131nda \u201czengin olmas\u0131\u201d cevaplar\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Evlilik \u015fartlar\u0131 olarak s\u0131ralananlar ise \u015f\u00f6yle olmaktad\u0131r; %88,1 oran\u0131nda uygun e\u015f aday\u0131 bulmak, %82 oran\u0131nda i\u015f bulmak, %62,6 oran\u0131nda mesle\u011fimde ilerlemek, %70,2 oran\u0131nda mezun olmakt\u0131r. En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck orana sahip \u015fartlar ise; %8,9 oran\u0131nda \u00e7eyiz tamamlamak, %11,8 oran\u0131nda araba almak ve %27,8 oran\u0131nda ev almakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Evlenilecek ki\u015fiyle ilgili d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere ili\u015fkin genel olarak bilinen tan\u0131\u015fma usulleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sosyal medyada tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m biriyle evlenirim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %36,7 olmaktad\u0131r. Evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin benimle ayn\u0131 dinden olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %56,2, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin benimle ayn\u0131 memleketten olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %6,9, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin benimle ayn\u0131 etnik k\u00f6kenden olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %23, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin benimle ayn\u0131 siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ften olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %29,4, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin benimle ayn\u0131 sosyo-ekonomik stat\u00fcde olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %36,5, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin herhangi fiziksel engelinin olmamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %30,5, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve herhangi bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %60, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin aileme sayg\u0131 duymas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %83,2, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin d\u00fcr\u00fcst olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %86,4, evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin bana ekonomik g\u00fcvence sa\u011flamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %39,5 ve evlenece\u011fim ki\u015finin bana sad\u0131k olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %85,6 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      G\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fc evlili\u011fin do\u011fru bulunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %42,5 oran\u0131nda hay\u0131r cevab\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fru bulan gen\u00e7lerin oran\u0131 ise %25,6\u2019d\u0131r. Bu konuda kesin fikrim yok diyenler %31,9\u2019dur. B\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re; g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru bulan %40,5 oran\u0131nda gencin Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu b\u00f6lgede do\u011fru bulmayanlar %25 oran\u0131nda daha azd\u0131r. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru bulan ve bulmayanlar %34,2 ile e\u015fit orandad\u0131r. Di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fc evlili\u011fi do\u011fru bulmayanlar \u00e7o\u011funluktad\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131yla; Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%45,5), Ege (%43,1), Akdeniz (%41,9), Karadeniz (%40,1) ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu (%37,4) gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Akraba evlili\u011finin do\u011facak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na inan\u0131yor musunuz sorusuna %80 gen\u00e7 \u201cevet\u201d demi\u015ftir. Hay\u0131r cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler %9,4 oran\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde %19,5 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 akraba evlili\u011fini onaylamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Evlenmeden birlikte ya\u015fama durumuna \u201cevet\u201d cevab\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %33,1\u2019dir. Hay\u0131r cevab\u0131 verenler %51,8\u2019dir. Fikrim yok diyerek karars\u0131z kalanlar %15,1\u2019dir. Birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 onaylayanlar incelendi\u011finde en y\u00fcksek oranlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla; Ege B\u00f6lgesi (%38,7), Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%35,5) ve Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi (%32,9) olmaktad\u0131r. Onaylayanlar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131kta oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler ise Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (%10,7) ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (%19,5) olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Evlenmeden birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fckleriyle ilgili \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelendi\u011finde, \u00f6\u011frencilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun bu durumu onaylamad\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Fakat kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erkeklere g\u00f6re bu durumu \u015fiddetle reddettikleri de ayr\u0131ca belirlenmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015flar\u0131 ilerledik\u00e7e bu durumu onaylayanlar\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131nda belirgin bir art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      Daha \u00f6nce ba\u015fkas\u0131yla duygusal birlikteli\u011fi olmu\u015f biriyle evlenir misin sorusuna; %62,6 oran\u0131nda gen\u00e7 evlenirim cevab\u0131 vermi\u015f, %9,2 evlenemem demi\u015ftir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim diyenler %28,2 oran\u0131nda olmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgeler incelendi\u011finde; hay\u0131r evlenmem cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenler (%26) en \u00e7ok G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130kinci s\u0131rada ise Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde %19 oran\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      Daha \u00f6nce cinsel deneyimi olan biriyle evlenme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine y\u00f6nelik; evet ve hay\u0131r diye cevap verenlerin oranlar\u0131 birbirine yak\u0131nd\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re evet evlenirim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %37,5; hay\u0131r evlenmem cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %38,8\u2019dir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %23,7\u2019dir. B\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, evet cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ara farkla hay\u0131r diyenlere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek orana sahip oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler s\u0131ras\u0131yla, Ege B\u00f6lgesi (%44,3) ve Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%41,1) olarak bulunmu\u015ftur. Hay\u0131r evlenmem cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise en y\u00fcksek Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (Hay\u0131r: %68,5; Evet: %13,7) ile G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde (Hay\u0131r: %63,6; Evet: %15,6) g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Daha \u00f6nce evlenmi\u015f biriyle evlenme durumuna ili\u015fkin ise \u201cevet\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %27,5; \u201chay\u0131r\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise %30,7\u2019dir. Geriye kalan %41,8 oranda ise \u201cfikrim yok\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Daha rahat bir gelecek sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015filmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bir evlilik yapma durumuna ili\u015fkin \u201cevet\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %43, \u201chay\u0131r\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise %34,1\u2019dir. Fikrim yok cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise %22,9\u2019dur.<\/p>\n

      Evlilik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeden \u00e7ocuk isteme durumunun onaylan\u0131p onaylanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soruldu\u011funda, %82,6 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 hay\u0131r derken, %7,5 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 evet cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Fikrim yok cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %9,9\u2019dur. Evlilik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeden \u00e7ocuk isteme durumunu olumlu de\u011ferlendirenler %10,3 oran\u0131nda Ege B\u00f6lgesinde ve %9,3 oranla da Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde ise olumlu de\u011ferlendiren kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n oran\u0131 %5 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Onaylamayanlar ise en \u00e7ok %1,8 oran\u0131nda Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi ile %2,6 e\u015fit oran\u0131nda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi ve Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesindedir.<\/p>\n

      Evlendikten sonra ayr\u0131 bir ev a\u00e7mak yerine e\u015fimin ailesiyle ya\u015fayabilirim ifadesine kat\u0131l\u0131m d\u00fczeyleri incelendi\u011finde, kesinlikle kat\u0131lmayan ve kat\u0131lmayanlar\u0131n toplam\u0131 %77,8\u2019dir. Karars\u0131z olanlar %16,4 olup bu duruma kat\u0131lanlar %5,8\u2019dir. Kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde ikamet etmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Krizlerin (ekonomik, siyasal, salg\u0131n) aile kurma karar\u0131n\u0131 etkileme durumuna bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cevet etkiler\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %59,4, \u201chay\u0131r, etkilemez\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %23,1, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fini belirtenler %17,5\u2019tir. E\u015fin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumuna bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, %93,5 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n \u201cevet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Hay\u0131r cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %2,6 hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise %3,9\u2019dur.<\/p>\n

      Evlilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler incelendi\u011finde, %61,8 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n evlilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzalama hususunda hay\u0131r cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Evet cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %11,8 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %26,5\u2019tir. Evlili\u011fin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %82,3 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n evet, %17,7 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n hay\u0131r cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lge baz\u0131nda evlili\u011fin \u00f6nemli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtenler, birinci s\u0131rada Ege B\u00f6lgesi (%22,1), ikinci s\u0131rada Marmara B\u00f6lgesi (%19,3), sonras\u0131nda ise Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi (%18,5) gelmi\u015ftir. Evet diyenler en y\u00fcksek %91,6 oran\u0131nda Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Evlili\u011fin neden \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise, %89,2 oran\u0131nda hayat\u0131 sevdi\u011fimle payla\u015fmak i\u00e7in, %73,8 oran\u0131nda daha d\u00fczenli bir hayat i\u00e7in, %50,8 oran\u0131nda neslin, soyun devam\u0131 i\u00e7in, %37,5 oran\u0131nda dinimiz emretti\u011fi i\u00e7in, %31,1 oran\u0131nda rahat ya\u015famak i\u00e7in, %30,4 oran\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli ya\u015famak i\u00e7in ve %9,7 oran\u0131nda gelenek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ifadeleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Evlili\u011fin korku unsuru ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin durum incelendi\u011finde, gen\u00e7lerin %51,3 oran\u0131nda hay\u0131r, %37,5 oran\u0131nda evet cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bunu hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 ise %11,2 olmaktad\u0131r. Evlenmekten neden korktuklar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, %29,1 oran\u0131nda sorumluluk almaktan korktu\u011fum i\u00e7in (Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi), %25,4 oran\u0131nda gelecek hakk\u0131nda iyimser olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in (daha \u00e7ok Ege B\u00f6lgesi), %22,8 oran\u0131nda ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmekten korktu\u011fum i\u00e7in (daha \u00e7ok G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi), %21,6 oran\u0131nda evlenmeden \u00f6nce yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 yapamamaktan korktu\u011fum i\u00e7in (G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi), %6,9 oran\u0131nda cinsellik hakk\u0131nda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmama (daha \u00e7ok Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi) ifadeleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Anla\u015famayan e\u015flerin bo\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olup olmamas\u0131 durumuna bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %87,4 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n uygun oldu\u011funu, %2,9 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n ise uygun bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Fikri olmayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 ise %9,7\u2019dir. \u00c7ocu\u011fu olanlar\u0131n bo\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olup olmamas\u0131 incelendi\u011finde ise, %72,5 uygunluk belirtirken; %10,1 uygun bulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fikri olmayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %17,4\u2019t\u00fcr. En az onaylayanlar G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesindedir. \u015eiddetin bo\u015fanma sebebi olabilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine kat\u0131l\u0131m d\u00fczeyleri sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %83,5 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n \u201ckesinlikle kat\u0131l\u0131yorum\u201d ve %11,8 oran\u0131nda \u201ckat\u0131l\u0131yorum\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Aile ili\u015fkilerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %41,1 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n \u201ciyi\u201d, %35,9\u2019dunu \u00e7ok iyi, %19\u2019unun \u201corta\u201d, %2,8\u2019inin \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 %2,8 ve \u201c\u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc\u201d diyenlerin oran\u0131 %1,2\u2019dir. Evlenmeden \u00f6nce ya\u015fan\u0131lan ailede ve evlendikten sonra in\u015fa edilecek ailede farkl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen konulara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %53,9 oran\u0131nda e\u015fler aras\u0131 ileti\u015fim, %45,6 oran\u0131nda ebeveyn ile \u00e7ocuk ili\u015fkisi, %51,4 oran\u0131nda aile i\u00e7in rol ve g\u00f6rev da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, %27,8 oran\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk e\u011fitimi ve terbiyesi, %21,1 oran\u0131nda yak\u0131n akraba ve tan\u0131d\u0131klar ile ili\u015fkiler oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Ailenin ne ifade etti\u011fine ili\u015fkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %15,9 oran\u0131nda g\u00fcven, %11,8 oran\u0131nda huzur, %8,2 oran\u0131nda her \u015fey, %7,2 oran\u0131nda mutluluk, %6,1 sevgi, %5,7 oran\u0131nda hayat, %5,1 oran\u0131nda birlik ve %2,8 oran\u0131nda sorumluluk oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Genel olarak e\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki sorumluluk payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki durum incelendi\u011finde, \u00e7o\u011funlukla (%67,8) \u201cevdeki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015f ortak yap\u0131lmal\u0131\u201d ifadesine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Neredeyse ayn\u0131 oranda kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 iki ifade \u201cerkek ve kad\u0131n\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015fler farkl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d ile \u201ckad\u0131n i\u015flerle ba\u015f edemeyecek duruma geldi\u011finde erkek yard\u0131m eder\u201d olmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda, %30 oran\u0131ndaki kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve erkeklerin g\u00f6revlerinin ve rollerinin farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

      2.4. Sosyal Medya ve <\/strong>Yaln\u0131zl\u0131k Alg\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bulgular\u0131n\u0131n bu k\u0131sm\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n sosyal medya ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131k alg\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Sosyal medyada g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde ka\u00e7 saat zaman ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %46,6\u2019s\u0131 g\u00fcnde 1-3 saat, %28,7\u2019si g\u00fcnde 4-6 saat, %6,9\u2019u g\u00fcnde 7 saat ve \u00fczeri ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Yani g\u00fcnde 4 saat ve \u00fczeri ba\u011flananlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %35,6\u2019 olmaktad\u0131r. Devaml\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu bildirenlerin oranlar\u0131 ise %6,5\u2019tir. Sosyal medyay\u0131 1 saatten az kullananlar %11,4 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Sosyal medyay\u0131 daha \u00e7ok g\u00fcn\u00fcn hangi vaktinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde; %43,2\u2019si g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde, %28\u2019i hem g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde hem de kalkar kalkmaz ve yatmadan \u00f6nce kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Gece uyumadan \u00f6nce ba\u011flananlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %15,9, sabah uyan\u0131r uyanmaz ve gece yatmadan \u00f6nce ba\u011flananlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %10,1 olmaktad\u0131r. Sosyal medyada foto\u011fraf payla\u015fmadan \u00f6nce filtre\/makyaj uygulan\u0131p uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soruldu\u011funda ise, %38,2\u2019sinin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131, %61,8\u2019inin uygulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. En \u00e7ok kulland\u0131klar\u0131 sosyal medya uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n hangisi oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, %64,5 oran\u0131nda Instagram, %15,4 oran\u0131nda Twitter ve %14,9 oran\u0131nda Youtube kulland\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Facebook kullananlar\u0131n oran\u0131 ise %1,6 oran\u0131nda dile getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Sosyal medya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilen ili\u015fkiler ba\u011flam\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce sosyal medyada tan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan biriyle ili\u015fki durumu soruldu\u011funda, %42,2\u2019sinin oldu\u011fu, %57,8\u2019sinin ise olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sosyal medyada tan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan biriyle ili\u015fkisi olanlar\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oranda (%71,4) Do\u011fu Anadolu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi (%70,7) olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011finin evlilik ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131na ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n odak noktas\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, yaln\u0131zl\u0131k alg\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n kendilerini ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla yaln\u0131z hissettikleri soruldu\u011funda ise \u201cbazen\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin oran\u0131 %40,8 olarak bulunmu\u015ftur, Nadiren oldu\u011funu ifade edenlerin oran\u0131 %30 olmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131k s\u0131k yaln\u0131z hissettiklerini dile getirenlerin oran\u0131 ise %15 oran\u0131nda belirtilmi\u015ftir. Her zaman yaln\u0131z hissedenlerin oran\u0131 ise %5,8 olarak tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki lisans, y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora d\u00fczeyindeki \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011finin aile ve evlili\u011fe bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler ve evlilikten beklentileri incelenmi\u015ftir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonucunda genel olarak gen\u00e7lerin aile ve evlili\u011fe olumlu yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n evlili\u011fi tan\u0131mlarken, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun \u2018mutlu bir beraberlik\u2019 istedi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Sorumluluk, a\u015fk ve tensel uyum da payla\u015f\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011funun a\u015fk evlili\u011fini tercih etmesi, bu yan\u0131tlar\u0131 desteklemektedir.<\/p>\n

      Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun evlilik ile ilgili tahayy\u00fclleri benzer ve ortak sonu\u00e7lara i\u015faret etmektedir. \u0130yi huylu bir e\u015f, ayn\u0131 de\u011ferleri payla\u015fmak, iyi bir aile kurmak ve g\u00fczel\/yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 bulunan biriyle mutlu bir hayat arkada\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Uygun e\u015fin kriterlerinde ise ayn\u0131 dinden olmak, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve sadakat \u00f6n planda yer almaktad\u0131r. D\u00fczenli hayat, soyun devam\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler de s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fcksek oranlara sahip olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Cinsiyete g\u00f6re evlilik alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmektedir. Kad\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar evlili\u011fe daha duygusal anlamlar y\u00fcklerken, erkekler bir gereklilik \u015feklinde g\u00f6rmektedirler. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde ya\u015fla ili\u015fkisine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; erkekler kad\u0131nlara g\u00f6re daha ge\u00e7 ya\u015fta evlenmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir. Kad\u0131nlarda kendilerinden birka\u00e7 ya\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck erkeklerle evlenmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir. Bu durum asl\u0131nda toplumsal kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f kal\u0131p yarg\u0131lar olarak da ifade edilebilir. Toplumda idealize edilen evlilik profili en ba\u015fta evlenilmesi gerekti\u011fi, e\u015flerin birbirine g\u00f6re ya\u015flar\u0131, e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyleri ve sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeylerinin denk olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

      Evlilik karar\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinin verece\u011fini fakat ailelerinden onay alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00e7o\u011funluktad\u0131r. Erkekler evlilik karar\u0131 al\u0131rken kendi kararlar\u0131n\u0131 vermekte ve ailesine pek dan\u0131\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak kar\u015f\u0131t bir \u015fekilde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n daha ziyade ailesine dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ailesinin fikirlerine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem atfetti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Benzer \u015fekilde ailenin istemedi\u011fi veya onaylamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durumda kad\u0131n ailesinin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinlerken, erkek kendi tercihini uygulamaktad\u0131r. Bu tablo bize ataerkilli\u011fi resmetmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar, aileye daha ba\u011fl\u0131 veya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 konumda yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerle de bu durumu izah etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaktad\u0131r. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu tablo \u201cKad\u0131nlar, aile b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc evdeki otorite fig\u00fcr\u00fc baban\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinmelidir\u201d \u015feklinde de resmedilebilir. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u015fla birlikte aileye dan\u0131\u015fma hususunda da bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ya\u015f artt\u0131k\u00e7a aileye dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Ya\u015f artt\u0131k\u00e7a aileden ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015fman\u0131n daha etkin \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

      Erkeklerin evlili\u011fin gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda daha karamsar bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131, evlilikte kendilerini k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da sorumluluk alt\u0131na giren bir y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 olarak kendilerini g\u00f6rmelerinden kaynakl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Erkeklerde dini nik\u00e2h t\u00fcr\u00fc bask\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karken, kad\u0131nlarda hem dini hem resmi nik\u00e2h t\u00fcr\u00fc tercih edilmektedir. Burada hem dinin etkinli\u011fi hem de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n resmi nik\u00e2hla kendilerini evlilik kurumu i\u00e7erisinde yasal olarak g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak istekleri ve endi\u015feleri etkili olabilir.<\/p>\n

      Erkekler daha \u00e7ok \u00e7ocuk isterken kad\u0131nlar daha az say\u0131da \u00e7ocuk istemektedirler. Kad\u0131nlar evde \u00e7ocukla birincil bak\u0131m veren olarak ilgilenmekte ve beraberinde evin sorumlulu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ise i\u015fin sorumlulu\u011fu ile y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. Bu zorlu ve y\u00fckl\u00fc tempoda kad\u0131nlar daha az \u00e7ocuk say\u0131da \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak isteyebilir.<\/p>\n

      Kad\u0131nlar, erkeklerin e\u011fitim seviyesi, sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeyi ve dini inanc\u0131n\u0131n kendisiyle denk olmas\u0131na \u00f6nem g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak erkekler i\u00e7in, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u011fitim seviyesi ve sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeyi belirleyici bir etmen olmamaktad\u0131r. Burada erkeklerin evlilikte maddi g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak kendilerini g\u00f6rmeleri s\u00f6z konusu olabilir. E\u011fitime de hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, erkeklerin sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeyine daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem vermesi, evlilik s\u00fcreci i\u00e7erisinde e\u015finin himayesi alt\u0131nda ve onun arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kendi sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeyini sosyal hayatta sergileyecek olmas\u0131 \u015feklinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bununla birlikte kad\u0131nlar, evlilikte ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan erkeklerden g\u00fcvence talep etmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Kad\u0131nlar ve erkekler ortak kanaatte g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru bulmamakta ve tercih etmemektedirler. Bu zamanla toplumsal yap\u0131daki de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bundan bir ku\u015fak \u00f6ncesine gidildi\u011finde y\u00fcksek oranlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc usul\u00fc evlilikler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde etkinli\u011fini yitirmektedir. Buna sebep olarak artan e\u011fitim seviyesi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015f hayat\u0131nda daha fazla yer almalar\u0131 ve toplumsal hareketlili\u011fin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n

      Anne ve babas\u0131 bir arada ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n aile birlikteli\u011fine ve evlili\u011fe daha fazla \u00f6nem verdikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Aile ortam\u0131n\u0131 deneyimlemek burada etken olmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir\u00e7ok hipotez de anne baban\u0131n birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aile ortam\u0131, ki\u015filerin evlilik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinde olumlu etki olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde anne baban\u0131n ayr\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131\/bo\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailelerde, ki\u015filerin evlilik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine olumsuz etki etmekte ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ciddi d\u00fczeyde tetiklemektedir.<\/p>\n

      Kad\u0131nlar, erkeklere oranla bask\u0131n olarak a\u015fk evlili\u011fini tercih etmektedirler. Erkekler de ise b\u00f6yle bir belirleyicilik s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Kad\u0131nlar evlilikte duygusal a\u00e7\u0131dan tatmin, mutlu bir beraberlik d\u00fc\u015flerken, erkekler bir gereklilik alg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde duygunun ve ya mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n pek fark etmeyece\u011fi \u201cevlenmek i\u00e7in\u201d evlilikler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar evlilikte a\u015fk\u0131n yerini sevgi ve sayg\u0131ya b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederken, erkekler evlilikle beraber a\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karamsar bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahiptirler. Kad\u0131nlar evlilikte a\u015fk\u0131n izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yan duygusal ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 devam ettirmek isterken, erkeklere evlilikte, evin ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak vb. gibi daha fazla sorumluklar y\u00fcklenmekte ve erkekler evlili\u011fin getirdi\u011fi sorumluluklar\u0131n alt\u0131na ezilmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Evlenmeden birliktelik fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrk toplum yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki olumsuz tutum son y\u0131llarda de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frayarak bu alg\u0131 da yava\u015f yava\u015f k\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve toplumda evlenmeden birliktelikler g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikler metropol \u015fehirlerde bu durum daha olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Erkekler, evlilik \u00f6ncesi birlikte ya\u015fam ve evlilik \u00f6ncesi cinsel birliktelik konular\u0131na \u00e7o\u011funlukla kat\u0131lmazlarken kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu duruma kat\u0131lma oranlar\u0131n\u0131n bir nebze daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen literat\u00fcre \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sundu\u011fu ifade edilebilir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri gen\u00e7ler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan aile ve evlili\u011fin \u00f6nemini ortaya koyulmas\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de\u011fi\u015fen ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve ekonomik \u015fartlar aile ve evlilik kurumunda baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri meydana getirse de evlili\u011fe atfedilen \u00f6nemin devam etmesinde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6\u011felerin etkili oldu\u011fu ifade edilebilir [Keldal, 2021:6]. \u00d6zellikle, toplum taraf\u0131ndan aile ve evlilik kurumuna y\u00fcklenen anlamlar\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini devam ettirmesi ve bir\u00e7ok mecrada evlili\u011fin \u00f6zendirilmesi evlili\u011fe verilen \u00f6nemin devam etmesinin bir kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n

      Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Akba\u015f, M., S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, \u015e. G., K\u00f6ro\u011flu, C. O., & \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, M. (2019). \u201cFactors affecting marriage attitudes of university students\u201d. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44(1), 93-100.<\/li>\n
      2. Altuntek, N. S. (2001). T\u00fcrkiye \u00dczerine Yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Evlilik ve Akrabal\u0131k Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n Bir De\u011ferlendirmesi. Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, 18(2), 17-28.<\/li>\n
      3. Bener, \u00d6. ve G\u00fcnay, G. (2013). \u201cGen\u00e7lerin evlilik ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131na ili\u015fkin tutumlar\u0131\u201d. Karab\u00fck \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Dergisi 3(1), 1-16.<\/li>\n
      4. Carroll, JS, Willoughby, BJ, Badger, S., Nelson, LJ, Barry, CM, & Madsen, SD (2007). So close, yet so far away: The impact of varying marital horizons on emerging adulthoad Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(3), 219-247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0743558407299697<\/li>\n
      5. Kasapkara A., ve Kasapkara, B., (2014) \u201c20-30 Ya\u015f Grubu Erkeklerin E\u015f Se\u00e7imine Y\u00f6nelik Tutumlar\u0131 ve E\u015ften Beklentilerinin Baz\u0131 Demografik De\u011fi\u015fkenler A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u0130ncelenmesi\u201d, Journal of International Social Research, Cilt: 7(34), 792-800<\/li>\n
      6. Keldal, Y., (2021), \u201cEvlili\u011fe Bak\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve Evlilikten Beklentiler\u201d, \u00c7ukurova \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Dergisi Y\u0131l: 2021 C: 30 No: 1 Sayfa: 1-10<\/li>\n
      7. K\u00f6ro\u011flu, T. (2013). \u00dcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011finde evlilik, aile ve bo\u015fanma konusundaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00fczerine sosyolojik bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma: Karab\u00fck \u00fcniversitesi \u00f6rne\u011fi [Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Karab\u00fck \u00dcniversitesi].<\/li>\n
      8. \u00d6zabac\u0131, N. K\u00f6r\u00fck, S. Ve Kara, A. (2018). \u201cEvlili\u011fe Y\u00fcklenen Anlam \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011finin Geli\u015ftirilmesi: Ge\u00e7erlik Ve G\u00fcvenirlik \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d, T\u00fcrk Psikolojik Dan\u0131\u015fma Ve Rehberlik Dergisi, Cilt 8, Say\u0131 50, Ss. 235-259.<\/li>\n
      9. T\u00fcrkarslan, N., Suleymanov, A., (2010) \u201c\u00dcniversite Son S\u0131n\u0131f \u00d6\u011frencilerinin Evlilik Konusundaki G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri \u2013 Azerbaycan ve T\u00fcrkiye Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u201d, Karadeniz Dergisi, 54-67, No 5<\/li>\n
      10. \u00dcnal, S. ve Avc\u0131, D. (2019). Kolektiviteden bireycili\u011fe ge\u00e7i\u015f: Aile ve evlilik kurumuna dair de\u011fi\u015fen g\u00f6stergeler ve kayg\u0131lar. Turkish Studies-Social Sciences, 14(5), 2641-2668.<\/li>\n
      11. Willoughby, BJ & Dworkin, J. (2009). The relationships between emerging adults\u2019 expressed desire to marry and frequency of participation in risk-taking behaviors. Youth & Society, 40(3), 426-450.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Abulfes Suleymanl\u0131, Ayshegul Demir<\/strong><\/p>\n

        THE ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TOWARDS MARRIAGE\u00a0<\/strong>AND FAMILY LIFE \u0130N TURK\u0130YE <\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

        In this survey, the attitudes of university students’ thoughts within the context of marriage and family institutions in Turkiye and the altered attitudes and expectations associated with socio-demographic changes were determined. The target population of the study consists of university students studying at the universities of Turkiye. Unmarried young aged between 17-35 across Turkey, who are studying at Turkish Universities in the 2019-2020 Academic Year, participated in the research carried out in seven regions of Turkey.Of the 3266 students consisting the target population 54.3% (n=1770) were female and 45.7% (n=1491) was male.According to the consequences gained from this research, it is seen that university students have positive attitudes about marriage, family and children. Besides, the alterations that occurred in the family life and society cause the alteration of the young’s attitudes towards marriage and family life. It has been observed that this alteration occurred more distinctively on particularly the distributions of role in family. Most of the participants stated that they are against that kind of commonly accepted behaviours which encumber all the responsibilities and duties to the one side<\/p>\n

        Keywords: <\/strong>Turkiye, university students, survey, marriage, family institution, the attitudes of the young, transformation<\/p>\n

        \u042d\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0435\u0437 \u0421\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043b\u0438, \u0410\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u044e\u043b\u044c \u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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        \u00a0<\/strong>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

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        \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: <\/strong>\u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043a, \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0438, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/p>\n

        \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Ebulfez S\u00dcLEYMANLI \u00a0Prof. Dr., \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130nsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi, Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc (T\u00fcrkiye) E-mail: ebulfez.suleymanli@uskudar.edu.tr ORCID NO: 0000-0003-1894-5232 \u00a0Ay\u015feg\u00fcl DEM\u0130R Do\u00e7. Dr., Sinop \u00dcniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi,\u00a0Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00a0E-mail: ayseguldemir@sinop.edu.tr ORCID NO: 0000-0002-7328-4492 (T\u00fcrkiye) \u00a0\u00a0\u00d6zet. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7lerin evlilik ve aile kurumuna ili\u015fkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri, sosyo-demografik de\u011fi\u015fkenlerle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015f, de\u011fi\u015fen tutum ve beklentiler tespit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":523,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=522"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":594,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522\/revisions\/594"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}