{"id":956,"date":"2023-10-04T13:00:05","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T09:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/?p=956"},"modified":"2023-10-04T13:00:16","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T09:00:16","slug":"bir-kemer-bir-yol-tesebbusunun-muasir-veziyyeti-ve-gozlenilen-tesirleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/2023\/10\/04\/bir-kemer-bir-yol-tesebbusunun-muasir-veziyyeti-ve-gozlenilen-tesirleri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cB\u0130R K\u018fM\u018fR, B\u0130R YOL\u201d T\u018f\u015e\u018fBB\u00dcS\u00dcN\u00dcN M\u00dcAS\u0130R V\u018fZ\u0130YY\u018fT\u0130 V\u018f G\u00d6ZL\u018fN\u0130L\u018fN T\u018fS\u0130RL\u018fR\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015eamil \u018fZ\u0130ZOV<\/strong><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0130qtisad Universitetinin
\nelml\u0259r doktoru \u00fczr\u0259 doktorant\u0131, <\/em><\/p>\n

iqtisad \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru<\/em><\/p>\n

Bak\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>E-mail: azizov_shamil@yahoo.com<\/em><\/p>\n

JEL code: F43, O18, R42 <\/em><\/p>\n

UOT 33<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

X\u00fclas\u0259. <\/strong>T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di <\/em>\u201cBir k\u0259m\u0259r, bir yol\u201d t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (KYT) m\u00fcasir v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin, onun \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n layih\u0259l\u0259rin ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcn ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k t\u0259sirl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat metodikas\u0131<\/em> olaraq analiz v\u0259 sintez, induksiya v\u0259 elmi \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259d\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri <\/em>a) KYT \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f infrastruktur layih\u0259l\u0259rinin maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin identifikasiyas\u0131; b) onlar\u0131n effektivliyini \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ndir\u0259n amill\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si; c) bu prosesd\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 qeyri-h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n rolunun ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri<\/em> KYT \u00fczr\u0259 sisteml\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f k\u0259miyy\u0259t veril\u0259nl\u0259rinin olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n orijinall\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em> KYT sah\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n monitorinqi \u0259sas\u0131nda bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n infrastruktur investisiya layih\u0259l\u0259rinin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n elmi yeniliyi<\/em> KYT sah\u0259sind\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k m\u00f6vcud olan t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n q\u0131sa \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 icmal\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir. M\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsd\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan investisiyalarda rasionall\u0131\u011fa nail olunmas\u0131na x\u00fcsusi \u00f6n\u0259m verilir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n praktiki \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti<\/em> regionumuzda son iki ild\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n geosiyasi prosesl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 artm\u0131\u015f KYT-nin Az\u0259rbaycandan ke\u00e7\u0259n Orta D\u0259hlizinin v\u0259 x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n rolunun elmi \u0259saslarla qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7ar s\u00f6zl\u0259r: <\/strong>\u201cBir k\u0259m\u0259r, bir yol\u201d t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc, infrastruktur investisiyalar\u0131, xarici ticar\u0259t, s\u0259rh\u0259d ke\u00e7idl\u0259ri, da\u015f\u0131nma s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ri<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n r\u0259yin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, tarixi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti bax\u0131m\u0131ndan B\u00f6y\u00fck \u0130p\u0259k Yolu Roma imperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 bir s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 olmaqla minillikl\u0259r boyu davam etm\u0259k, m\u00fcasir iqtisadiyyata v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k iqtidar\u0131ndad\u0131r [10, s. 31].<\/p>\n

“Bir k\u0259m\u0259r v\u0259 bir yol” t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc iki \u0259sas komponent \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015fdur [3, s. 2] (\u015f\u0259kil 1).<\/p>\n

1) Q\u0259dim quru \u0130p\u0259k Yolu \u0130qtisadi K\u0259m\u0259ri (Silk Road Economic Belt – SREB).<\/p>\n

2) XXI \u0259srin D\u0259niz \u0130p\u0259k Yolu (Maritime Silk Road – MSR).<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, “Bir k\u0259m\u0259r v\u0259 bir yol” k\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259ki \u201ck\u0259m\u0259r\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn mahiyy\u0259ti onunla izah olunur ki, “k\u0259m\u0259r” dedikd\u0259 \u00c7ini M\u0259rk\u0259zi v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Asiya v\u0259 onun ard\u0131nca Avropa il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n q\u0259dim quru \u0130p\u0259k Yolu, “yol” dedikd\u0259 is\u0259 \u00c7ini C\u0259nub-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri, daha sonra K\u00f6rf\u0259z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri, onun ard\u0131nca \u015e\u0259rqi v\u0259 \u015eimali Afrika \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, Avropa il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n XXI \u0259srin D\u0259niz \u0130p\u0259k Yolu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. “Bir k\u0259m\u0259r v\u0259 bir yol” t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc <\/strong>\u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259hlizl\u0259r<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00dcmumilikd\u0259 “Bir k\u0259m\u0259r, bir yol” t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131 n\u0259qliyyat d\u0259hlizind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir (c\u0259dv\u0259l 1).<\/p>\n

    C\u0259dv\u0259lin t\u0259rtib olundu\u011fu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 qeyd olundu\u011fu kimi, siyah\u0131ya b\u00fct\u00fcn KYT \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri deyil, \u201cco\u011frafi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r daxil edilmi\u015fdir\u201d [2, s. 19]. G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n yaln\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan bu kateqoriyaya aid edilmi\u015fdir. KYT-d\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin r\u0259smi siyah\u0131s\u0131 is\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud deyil [3, s. 2].<\/p>\n

    Bu d\u0259hlizl\u0259rd\u0259n ilk d\u00f6rd\u00fc yuxar\u0131da g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n q\u0259dim quru \u0130p\u0259k Yolu \u0130qtisadi K\u0259m\u0259rini, qalan ikisi is\u0259 XXI \u0259srin D\u0259niz \u0130p\u0259k Yolunu t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu d\u0259hlizl\u0259rin h\u0259r biri q\u0131sa \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259nir [8, s. 19-23].<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Yeni Avrasiya quru k\u00f6rp\u00fcs\u00fc iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (quru yolu).<\/strong> \u00c7ini M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Avropa \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n Niderland il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n v\u0259 art\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck bir logistik d\u0259hlizdir. Bel\u0259 ki, 2017-ci ilin aprelind\u0259 yeni d\u0259mir yolu mar\u015frutu il\u0259 \u00c7inin \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin Barkinq \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 yola d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n ilk y\u00fck qatar\u0131 Qazax\u0131stan, Rusiya, Belarus, Pol\u015fa, Almaniya, Bel\u00e7ika v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k, 12 000 km m\u0259saf\u0259ni 18 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 q\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259, \u0259vv\u0259lki da\u015f\u0131ma m\u00fcdd\u0259tini iki d\u0259f\u0259 azaltm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu yol da daxil olmaqla yeddi \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 yol boyunca bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131 t\u0259min etdi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu yol 8 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259kl\u0259 16 Avropa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n 12 mar\u015fruta qo\u015fulur. Bu d\u0259hlizin \u00c7in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun Qazax\u0131stan-T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan -\u0130ran-T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u00fcr\u0259tli d\u0259mir yolu layih\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 150 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131 s\u0259rmay\u0259 qoyma plan\u0131n\u0131 qeyd etm\u0259k kifay\u0259tdir. \u00c7in h\u0259m\u00e7inin Moskva il\u0259 Kazan\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u00fcr\u0259tli d\u0259mir yolunu maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r ki, bu da iki \u015f\u0259h\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 s\u0259yah\u0259t m\u00fcdd\u0259tini indiki 14 saatdan c\u0259mi 3,5 saata q\u0259d\u0259r azaldacaq v\u0259 eyni zamanda 25 milyondan \u00e7ox s\u0259rni\u015fin\u0259 xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259kdir [8, s. 19-20].<\/li>\n
    2. \u00c7in-M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya-Q\u0259rbi Asiya iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (quru yolu).<\/strong> Bu d\u0259hliz \u00c7inin q\u0259rbind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Sincan vilay\u0259tind\u0259n ba\u015flamaqla Qazax\u0131stan, Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131stan, Tacikistan, \u00d6zb\u0259kistan, T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan, \u0130ran, \u0130raq v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259ni d\u0259mir yolu \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259si vasit\u0259sil\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirir. \u00c7inin M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 KYT-y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 s\u0131x \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00f6vcud idi. \u00c7in enerji sah\u0259sind\u0259 Qazax\u0131standa neft hasilat\u0131na, \u00d6zb\u0259kistanda qaz v\u0259 uran hasilat\u0131na, T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistandan qaz ixrac\u0131na 15 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131 h\u0259cmind\u0259 s\u0259rmay\u0259 qoymu\u015fdur. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Sincandak\u0131 logistika m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259n v\u0259 Qazax\u0131stan\u0131n Almat\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 uzanan yeni mar\u015frut \u00fczr\u0259 avtomobil hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, geyim v\u0259 ev \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n da\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fck d\u0259mir yolu tikintisini qism\u0259n maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Sincan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 Urum\u00e7i il\u0259 Q\u0259rbi \u00c7ini v\u0259 Almat\u0131n\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n 1500 km-d\u0259n \u00e7ox yollar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yeni avtomobil v\u0259 d\u0259mir yolu k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259ri tikilmi\u015fdir [8, s. 20].<\/li>\n
    3. \u00c7in-Monqolustan-Rusiya iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (quru yolu).<\/strong> Bu yolun \u0259sas elementi 2016-2019-cu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 tikil\u0259r\u0259k istifad\u0259y\u0259 verilmi\u015f v\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n Blaqove\u015fensk \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00c7inin Tonq-Jianq \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n, uzunlu\u011fu 2197 m olan d\u0259mir yolu k\u00f6rp\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr [12]. K\u00f6hn\u0259 yolla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 700 km q\u0131sa olan bu yol vasit\u0259sil\u0259 ild\u0259 21 milyon tona yax\u0131n y\u00fck da\u015f\u0131n\u0131r [8, s. 21].<\/li>\n
    4. \u00c7in-Pakistan iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (\u0259sas\u0259n okean mar\u015frutu boyunca Quadar liman\u0131nda bit\u0259n quru yolu)<\/strong>. Bu d\u0259hliz \u00c7inin \u015fimal vilay\u0259ti olan Sincan\u0131n Ka\u015fqar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n Pakistan\u0131n c\u0259nubundak\u0131 Quadar liman\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r uzan\u0131r. \u00d6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 Quadar be\u015finci d\u0259hliz \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. Bu mar\u015frutla \u0259laq\u0259dar \u00c7in h\u00f6kum\u0259ti elektrik stansiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00f6m\u00fcr-m\u0259d\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259ri, hidroelektrik stansiyalar\u0131, neft v\u0259 qaz boru k\u0259m\u0259rl\u0259ri tikintisi, h\u0259m\u00e7inin b\u0259rpa olunan enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si kimi enerji infrastrukturuna 46 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0259rmay\u0259 qoyma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. Bundan ba\u015fqa, avtomobil v\u0259 d\u0259mir yollar\u0131, k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259r, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Quadar liman\u0131n\u0131n tikintisin\u0259 v\u0259 optik \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si layih\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259rmay\u0259 qoyma\u011f\u0131 planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. \u00c7in v\u0259 Pakistan h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259ri 2030-cu il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259c\u0259k uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli planlar haz\u0131rlay\u0131blar [8, s. 21].<\/li>\n
    5. Banqlade\u015f-\u00c7in-Hindistan-Myanma iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (quru-okean hibrid mar\u015frutu).<\/strong> D\u00f6rd quru d\u0259hlizi iki d\u0259niz d\u0259hlizi il\u0259 tamamlan\u0131r. D\u0259hlizinin \u0259sas arteriyas\u0131 quru yoludur. Banqlade\u015f-\u00c7in-Hindistan\u2013Myanma d\u0259hlizi \u00c7inin c\u0259nubundak\u0131 Kunmingd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r, Myanma v\u0259 Banqlade\u015fd\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k, Hindistan\u0131n K\u0259lk\u00fctt\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r 2800 km uzan\u0131r. \u00dcmumi d\u0259y\u0259ri 22 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131 olmaqla v\u0259 avtomobil, d\u0259mir yolu, su v\u0259 hava \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kl\u0259 multimodal xarakterlidir. D\u0259hliz, dem\u0259k olar ki, haz\u0131r v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259dir. Onun vasit\u0259sil\u0259 ticar\u0259tin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 artmas\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259nilir. Bu d\u0259hliz \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 Kaladandan ba\u015flayan ba\u015fqa bir multimodal tranzit layih\u0259 mar\u015frutu h\u0259m quru, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u0259niz mar\u015frutlar\u0131n\u0131 ehtiva etm\u0259kl\u0259 hibrid xarakterlidir. Onun \u0259sas t\u0259yinat\u0131 ticar\u0259t mallar\u0131n\u0131n K\u0259lk\u00fctt\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259niz vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Myanmadak\u0131 Sittve liman\u0131na, oradan daxili Myanma \u00e7ay\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Kaladana v\u0259 \u0259ks istiqam\u0259td\u0259 Hindistan\u0131n \u015fimali-\u015f\u0259rqind\u0259ki Mizorzma \u00e7atd\u0131rmaqd\u0131r. Uzunlu\u011fu 1328 km olan quru yolla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 bu yolun uzunlu\u011fu 539 km-dir [8, s. 22].<\/li>\n
    6. \u00c7in-Hindistan-\u00c7in yar\u0131madas\u0131 iqtisadi d\u0259hlizi (okean mar\u015frutu).<\/strong> Bu d\u0259hliz \u00c7inin C\u0259nub-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiyadak\u0131 layih\u0259l\u0259rini ehtiva etm\u0259kl\u0259 Banqkokdan Sinqapura ged\u0259n s\u00fcr\u0259tli d\u0259mir yolu, on \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259raras\u0131 magistral yolu, C\u0259nub-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiyan\u0131n be\u015f \u0259sas \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n n\u0259h\u0259ng Mekong subregion transmilli infrastruktur \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Bu, eyni zamanda d\u0259y\u0259ri 23 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131 olmaqla \u00c7ini C\u0259nub-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131ran Kunminq-Sinqapur d\u0259mir yolunu da \u0259hat\u0259 edir. \u00c7inl\u0259 Laos aras\u0131nda bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259n Tailanda q\u0259d\u0259r uzunlu\u011fu 417 km, d\u0259y\u0259ri 6,8 milyard dollar olan d\u0259mir yollar\u0131 x\u0259ttinin \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Ox\u015far m\u00fcqavil\u0259 v\u0259\/v\u0259 ya memorandumlar Malayziya, Sinqapur v\u0259 Tailandla ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u201cBir k\u0259m\u0259r, bir yol\u201d t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc <\/strong>\u00fczr\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n investisiyalar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        N\u0259qliyyat infrastrukturunun t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si layih\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xan m\u00fch\u00fcm probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri x\u0259rcl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, investorlar h\u0259r bir konkret layih\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi t\u0259dqiqatlar \u0259sas\u0131nda d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259l\u0259r aparmal\u0131 olurlar. Ayd\u0131nd\u0131r ki, \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 layih\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarda b\u00fct\u00fcn layih\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ortalama g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 olundu\u011fundan bel\u0259 yana\u015fma m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259dqiqatlarda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f normativl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, apar\u0131lan bir t\u0259dqiqatda [4] h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n k\u0259miyy\u0259t qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sind\u0259 investorlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Kara\u00e7i-Lahor-Pi\u015f\u0259v\u0259r d\u0259mir yolunun yenid\u0259n qurulmas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hesablanm\u0131\u015f x\u0259rcl\u0259r \u0259sas olaraq g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr (c\u0259dv\u0259l 1).<\/p>\n

        H\u0259min t\u0259dqiqatda m\u0259hz bu f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq, 29 KYT \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs \u00fczr\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan infrastruktur x\u0259rcl\u0259ri hesablanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (c\u0259dv\u0259l 2) G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, bu x\u0259rcl\u0259rin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259si (17,3%) \u00c7inin pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259kl\u0259, Pakistanla birlikd\u0259 onlar\u0131n x\u0259rcl\u0259ri m\u0259cmu x\u0259rcl\u0259rin t\u0259qrib\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7d\u0259 birini (31%) t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Onu da qeyd ed\u0259k ki, burada \u00c7inin yaln\u0131z \u00f6z \u0259razisind\u0259ki x\u0259rcl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur v\u0259 s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, \u00c7inin ba\u015fqa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 realla\u015fd\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 infrastruktur x\u0259rcl\u0259ri d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nsa, r\u0259q\u0259m daha da b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Monqolustan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u0259rcl\u0259rin \u00e7ox olmas\u0131 (9,6%) \u0259razinin b\u00f6y\u00fck olmas\u0131 il\u0259 izah olunur. Postsovet \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259rin nisbi azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, d\u00fcnyada \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259raziy\u0259 malik olan Rusiyada c\u0259mi 4,9%) quruda \u0259n \u00e7ox x\u0259rc aparan d\u0259mir yol x\u0259tl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sinin bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n geni\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. KYT-nin s\u0259rh\u0259d ke\u00e7idl\u0259ri, ticar\u0259t <\/strong>prosedurlar\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259siri<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

          B\u0259zi t\u0259dqiqatlar n\u0259qliyyat x\u0259rcl\u0259rinin regionlara g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lifliyini v\u0259 bu f\u0259rql\u0259rin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n m\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, n\u0259qliyyat x\u0259rcl\u0259rini formala\u015fd\u0131ran m\u00fch\u00fcm amill\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki orta s\u00fcr\u0259tdir ki, bu da yollar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 t\u0131xaclardan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Dig\u0259r bir t\u0259dqiqatda [2] Google x\u0259rit\u0259sind\u0259n v\u0259 uy\u011fun m\u0259lumatlardan istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259kl\u0259, b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259r qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilmi\u015fdir (\u0441\u0259dv\u0259l 3). C\u0259dv\u0259ld\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kim, KYT \u00fczr\u0259 n\u0259qliyyat x\u0259rcl\u0259ri qeyri-KYT b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k olsa da, h\u0259tta Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 \u015eimali Afrika, h\u0259m\u00e7inin M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya kimi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 geri qal\u0131r. Orta hesabla saatda 41 km olan \u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259t is\u0259 C\u0259nubi Asiyadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          D\u00fcnya Bank\u0131n\u0131n hesabat\u0131nda qeyd edildiyi kimi, t\u0259chizat z\u0259ncirl\u0259rind\u0259ki z\u0259if halqalar ist\u0259nil\u0259n logistika t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259rinin effektivliyini \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n 2013-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya Ticar\u0259t T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri Balid\u0259 Ticar\u0259tin Sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 Raz\u0131la\u015fma (Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) imzalam\u0131\u015f, 2017-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 bu raz\u0131la\u015fma ratifikasiya olunmu\u015fdur [11]. Bu s\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 islahatlar x\u00fcsusil\u0259 vur\u011fulanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r [5, s. 10]:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0259mt\u0259\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si;<\/li>\n
          • \u0259mt\u0259\u0259l\u0259rin g\u00f6mr\u00fck t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259sinin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si;<\/li>\n
          • ticar\u0259t prosedurlar\u0131n\u0131n sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 g\u00f6mr\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 da daxil olmaqla s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli orqanlar\u0131n effektiv \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/li>\n
          • texniki d\u0259st\u0259yin t\u0259\u015fkili.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Ticar\u0259tin Sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 Raz\u0131la\u015fma a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 prinsipl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131r [5, s. 16].<\/p>\n

            1) Sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259<\/em> \u2013 b\u00fcrokratiyada v\u0259 prosedurlarda t\u0259krarlanmalar\u0131n v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn laz\u0131ms\u0131z elementl\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/p>\n

            2) Harmonizasiya<\/em> \u2013 milli s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin r\u0259smiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin, \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n v\u0259 prosedurlar\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq standartlara, konvensiyalara v\u0259 pozitiv t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/p>\n

            3) Standartla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lma<\/em> \u2013 prosedur v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyatlarda, h\u0259m\u00e7inin s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 informasiya t\u0259minat\u0131nda beyn\u0259lxalq s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f formatlardan istifad\u0259;<\/p>\n

            4) Modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259<\/em> \u2013 prosedurlar\u0131n icras\u0131nda beyn\u0259lxalq s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcasir proses v\u0259 sisteml\u0259rin t\u0259tbiqi;<\/p>\n

            5) \u015e\u0259ffafl\u0131q<\/em> \u2013 ticar\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n prosedurlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n

            Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar onu da qeyd etm\u0259liyik ki, ticar\u0259tin sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si q\u0259tiyy\u0259n milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin yum\u015fald\u0131lmas\u0131 hesab\u0131na ba\u015f ver\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Bu, D\u00fcnya Bank\u0131n\u0131n 8 b\u0259ndd\u0259n ibar\u0259t \u201cS\u0259rh\u0259d n\u0259zar\u0259tinin modernl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istinad b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7isi\u201d adl\u0131 \u00fcmumi t\u0259limat\u0131nda da \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f olan bu s\u0259n\u0259din q\u0131sa t\u0259qdimat\u0131 faydal\u0131d\u0131r [9, s. 3-4].<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Qida t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi<\/em> \u2013 h\u0259m idxal, h\u0259m d\u0259 ixracda t\u0259min olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
            2. Bioqoruma<\/em> \u2013 heyvan karantini. Heyvanlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin miqrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/li>\n
            3. \u0130mmiqrasiya<\/em> \u2013 Avropa Birliyind\u0259ki kimi x\u00fcsusi rejim hallar\u0131 istisna olmaqla, \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 daxil olan v\u0259 ya \u00f6lk\u0259ni t\u0259rk ed\u0259n insanlar\u0131n ciddi yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 viza rejimind\u0259n istifad\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri aiddir.<\/li>\n
            4. \u018fqli m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t<\/em> \u2013 \u0259qli m\u00fclkiyy\u0259tin qorunmas\u0131, saxta v\u0259 pirat mallar\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq ticar\u0259tinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur.<\/li>\n
            5. G\u0259lir y\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131<\/em> \u2013 idxal-ixrac r\u00fcsumlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131nda ciddilik, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n fiziki m\u00fcayin\u0259, h\u0259bs, audit v\u0259 istintaq kimi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.<\/li>\n
            6. N\u0259qliyyat t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi <\/em>\u2013 terror h\u00fccumlar\u0131 riskinin minimuma endirilm\u0259si, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n y\u00fckl\u0259ri q\u0259bul ed\u0259n i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin etibarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131nda geni\u015f s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur.<\/li>\n
            7. T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik standartlar\u0131<\/em> \u2013 idxal v\u0259 ixrac olunan m\u0259hsullar\u0131n h\u0259m fiziki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, dizayn t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyinin, h\u0259m d\u0259 istehlak\u00e7\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dig\u0259r riskli ola bil\u0259n aspektl\u0259rinin yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131 investisiyalara r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, s\u0259rh\u0259d prosedurlar\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259chizat z\u0259ncirind\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck problem olaraq qal\u0131r. \u00c7inin Monqolustan kimi iqtisadi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n z\u0259if \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 KYT \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 infrastruktur investisiyalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm amill\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 bu z\u0259if halqalar\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

              \u00d6lk\u0259l\u0259raras\u0131 n\u0259qliyyat d\u0259hlizl\u0259rinin istismar\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 maraql\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015fir. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259hlizin idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si spesifik ola bil\u0259r [1, s.218]. X\u00fcsus\u0259n multimodal xarakterli d\u0259hlizl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vl\u0259t strukturlar\u0131n\u0131n koordinasiyas\u0131 z\u0259rur\u0259ti meydana g\u0259lir ki, bu da iyerarxik qurumlar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, bel\u0259 qurumlar Malayziya v\u0259 Hindistanda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

              KYT \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d n\u0259zar\u0259ti v\u0259 g\u00f6mr\u00fck prosedurlar\u0131n\u0131n sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sidir. H\u0259l\u0259 ki, KYT r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlanmay\u0131b. Bu t\u0259dbirl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n ikit\u0259r\u0259fli \u0259sasda, b\u0259z\u0259n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda raz\u0131la\u015fmalar \u0259sas\u0131nda, h\u0259tta birt\u0259r\u0259fli qadada h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. Bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 KYT-y\u0259 daxil olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda 40-dan \u00e7ox m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O da qeyd olunur ki, bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rin he\u00e7 d\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259mir [7, s. 11].<\/p>\n

              F\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n sisteml\u0259r\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 olaraq Hindistan s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259 inteqrasiya edilmi\u015f n\u0259zar\u0259t m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rini (integrated checkpoints – ICP), burada yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f “bir p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259” sistemini v\u0259 C\u0259nub-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259raiti misal g\u0259tirm\u0259k olar. Afrikan\u0131n c\u0259nubunda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Maputo d\u0259hlizind\u0259ki s\u0259rh\u0259d postlar\u0131nda da ke\u00e7id-qeydiyyat prosesl\u0259ri \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir [7, s. 10].<\/p>\n

              S\u0259rh\u0259d prosedurlar\u0131n\u0131n sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dd\u0259n ke\u00e7id vaxt\u0131n\u0131n q\u0131sald\u0131lmamas\u0131 hal\u0131nda n\u0259qliyyat investisiyalar\u0131n\u0131n effektivliyi bax\u0131m\u0131ndan rahatl\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 n\u0259qliyyat x\u0259rcl\u0259rinin azalmas\u0131 dig\u0259r amill\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r, bel\u0259 ki, n\u0259qliyyat x\u0259rcl\u0259rinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 azalmas\u0131 \u0259m\u0259khaqqlar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131m s\u00fcr\u0259tin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u00f6hf\u0259 verir [6, s. 24].<\/p>\n

              Bundan ba\u015fqa KYT-nin \u0259hat\u0259 etdiyi regionlarda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259nada unikal s\u0259rh\u0259d idar\u0259etm\u0259 sisteml\u0259ri qeyd olunur [7, s. 11]:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Layih\u0259 koordinasiyas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya Regional \u0130qtisadi d\u0259hlizi strukturu;<\/li>\n
              • Dar Es Salaam d\u0259hlizinin idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131lan Dar Es Salaam D\u0259hlizi Komit\u0259si;<\/li>\n
              • \u00d6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan v\u0259 qanunvericilikl\u0259 t\u0259sbit olunan idar\u0259etm\u0259 strukturu n\u00fcmun\u0259si kimi \u015eimal D\u0259hlizi Tranzit v\u0259 N\u0259qliyyat Koordinasiya \u0130dar\u0259si.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                N\u0259tic\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • KYT \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259si \u00c7in t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n investisiyalar \u0259sas\u0259n \u00c7inl\u0259 qon\u015fu olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir. N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nsa ki, n\u0259qliyyat infrastrukturu layih\u0259l\u0259rinin maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sinin \u0259ks\u0259r hiss\u0259si d\u00f6vl\u0259t b\u00fcdc\u0259si hesab\u0131na ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilir, onda Az\u0259rbaycan kimi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin bu x\u0259rcl\u0259ri optimalla\u015fd\u0131rmaq z\u0259rur\u0259ti meydana \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<\/li>\n
                • KYT layih\u0259l\u0259rinin effektivliyinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d ke\u00e7idl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 ticar\u0259t prosedurlar\u0131nda apar\u0131lan islahatlardan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 qanunvericiliyin m\u00fcasir standartlara uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, qabaqc\u0131l \u0130KT-l\u0259rin t\u0259tbiq olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/li>\n
                • M\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 qeyri-h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin koordinasiyas\u0131 z\u0259ruridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/strong>\u0130ST\u0130FAD\u018f ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015e \u018fD\u018fB\u0130YYAT:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Arvis J.-F., Carruthers R., Smith G., Willoughby C.<\/em> Connecting Landlocked Developing Countries to Markets\u2014Trade Corridors in the 21st Century – The World Bank: Washington, DC, USA, 2011. \u2013 304 p. – ISBN 978-0-8213-8416-9<\/li>\n
                  2. Chen M.X., Lin C.<\/em> Foreign Investment across the Belt and Road: Patterns, Determinants and Effects. – WBG, WPS 8617, 2018. \u2013 77 p.<\/li>\n
                  3. de Soyres F., Mulabdic A., Murray S., Rocha N., Ruta M. <\/em>How Much Will the Belt and Road Initiative Reduce Trade Costs? \u2013 WBG, WPS 8614, 2018. \u2013 43 p.<\/li>\n
                  4. de Soyres F., Mulabdic A., Rut M.<\/em> Common Transport Infrastructure A Quantitative Model and Estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative \u2013 WBG, WPS 8801, 2019. \u2013 43 p.<\/li>\n
                  5. Johns M.B. and et.<\/em> Trade Facilitation challenges and reform priorities for maximizing the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative. – 2018 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development \/ The World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433, WB Group, Discussion paper, MTI Global Practice, No.4, September, 2018. – 97 p.<\/li>\n
                  6. Lall S. V., Lebrand. <\/em>Who Wins, Who Loses? Understanding the Spatially Differentiated Effects of the Belt and Road Initiative. \u2013 WB, Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience Global Practice, Policy Research Working Paper 8806, 2019. \u2013 55 p.<\/li>\n
                  7. Quium A. <\/em>Transport Corridors for Wider Socio\u2013Economic Development \/\/ Sustainability 2019, 11, 5248; doi:10.3390\/su11195248<\/li>\n
                  8. Repaving the ancient Silk. Executive Summary. – PwC Growth Markets Centre \u2013 Realising opportunities along the Belt and Road, 2017. \u2013 12 p.<\/li>\n
                  9. Risk-Based Compliance Management Making it Work in Border Management Agencies. – Border Management Modernization Reference and Implementation Guide. \u2013 WB, Inernational Trade Department, 2012. \u2013 42 p.<\/li>\n
                  10. Zofia A.<\/em> The Road to Riches: Quantifying the Persistent Effects of the Silk Roads Network. – A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Economics Bates College. Lewiston, Maine, March 20, 2019. \u2013 52 p.<\/li>\n
                  11. https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/tradfa_e\/tradfa_e.htm (14.02.2023) \/ Trade facilitation<\/li>\n
                  12. https:\/\/www.interfax.ru\/russia\/845677 (10.06.2022) \/ \u041c\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0410\u043c\u0443\u0440 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                    Shamil Azizov<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    CURRENT STATUS AND EXPECTED EFFECTS <\/strong>OF THE “ONE BELT, ONE ROAD” INITIATIVE<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u00a0<\/strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    The purpose of the study <\/strong>is to study the current state of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative (OBOR), projects implemented within its framework, and to assess the effects that may arise as a result of the implementation of this initiative.<\/p>\n

                    Analysis and synthesis, induction and scientific generalization were used as research methods.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    The main results of the study<\/strong> are: a) identification of sources of financing for infrastructure projects implemented so far within the framework of the OBOR; b) identification of factors that determine their effectiveness; c) clarification of the role of authorized state bodies and non-governmental organizations in this process.<\/p>\n

                    The limitations of the study<\/strong> are the lack of systematic quantitative data on OBOR.<\/p>\n

                    The originality of the research<\/strong> lies in the identification and generalization of the specifics of infrastructure investment projects implemented in this direction based on the monitoring of numerous studies in the field of OBOR.<\/p>\n

                    The scientific novelty<\/strong> of the study consists in a brief overview of the research available so far in the field of OBOR. The article pays special attention to Azerbaijan’s achievement of rationality in investments provided for by this initiative.<\/p>\n

                    The practical significance of the study<\/strong> lies in the fact that this study is a necessary stage for the scientific assessment of the role of the OBOR Middle Corridor passing through Azerbaijan and, in particular, Azerbaijan, whose importance has increased many times as a result of the geopolitical processes that have taken place in our region over the past two years.<\/p>\n

                    Keywords: <\/strong>One Belt, One Road initiative, infrastructure investments, foreign trade, border crossings, transportation speed<\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                    \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0415 \u0421\u041e\u0421\u0422\u041e\u042f\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0418 \u041e\u0416\u0418\u0414\u0410\u0415\u041c\u042b\u0415 \u042d\u0424\u0424\u0415\u041a\u0422\u042b <\/strong>\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418\u0410\u0422\u0418\u0412\u042b “\u041e\u0414\u0418\u041d \u041f\u041e\u042f\u0421, \u041e\u0414\u0418\u041d \u041f\u0423\u0422\u042c”<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u00a0<\/strong>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u00a0<\/strong>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b “\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c” (\u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f), \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b.<\/p>\n

                    \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437, \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n

                    \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0430) \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f; \u0431) \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c; \u0432) \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435.<\/p>\n

                    \u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f.<\/p>\n

                    \u041e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f.<\/p>\n

                    \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f <\/strong>\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n

                    \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041e\u041f\u041e\u041f \u0438, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n

                    \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: <\/strong>\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 “\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430”, \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043a<\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u015eamil \u018fZ\u0130ZOV Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0130qtisad Universitetinin elml\u0259r doktoru \u00fczr\u0259 doktorant\u0131, iqtisad \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru Bak\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan \u00a0E-mail: azizov_shamil@yahoo.com JEL code: F43, O18, R42 UOT 33   X\u00fclas\u0259. T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di \u201cBir k\u0259m\u0259r, bir yol\u201d t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (KYT) m\u00fcasir v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin, onun \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n layih\u0259l\u0259rin ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcn ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k t\u0259sirl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sidir. T\u0259dqiqat metodikas\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":844,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cild-1--1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=956"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":957,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions\/957"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialresearchjournal.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}